Verbos seguidos de infinitivo
Muchos verbos distintos van o pueden ir seguidos de un segundo verbo en infinitivo. Todos los verbos recogidos en esta página, cuando se acompañan de infinitivo, van seguidos por infinitivo con "to". Los verbos marcados con un asterisco también pueden ir seguidos de una proposición introducida por "that", como se muestra en los ejemplos. Los verbos marcados con dos asteriscos únicamente admiten una proposición de este tipo cuando el sujeto del verbo principal es "it".
Verbos seguidos de infinitivo
afford | agree* | aim | appear** | arrange* | bother | care |
claim* | condescend | consent | decide* | demand* | determine* | endeavour |
fail | guarantee* | happen* | hasten | have (= obligación) | hesitate | hope* |
learn | long | manage | offer | prepare | pretend* | proceed |
promise* | propose | prove (= resultar) | refuse | resolve* | seek | seem** |
strive | swear* | tend | threaten* | trouble | undertake | volunteer |
vow* |
Ejemplos
- I hope to see you next week.
- I hope that I'll see you next week.
- He claimed to be an expert.
- He claimed that she was an expert.
- I managed to reach the top of the hill.
- Would you care to swim?
Ejemplos
- It appeared that no-one had locked the door.
- He appeared to be lost.
- It seems that she is running late.
- She seems to be running late.
Verbos seguidos por nombre + infinitivo
accustom | aid | appoint | assist | cause | challenge | command* |
defy | direct* | drive | empower | enable | encourage | entice |
entitle | entreat | force | get | implore* | incite | induce |
inspire | instruct* | invite | lead | leave (= responsabilizar a alguien) | oblige | order* |
persuade* | press | prompt | provoke | remind* | require* | stimulate |
summon | teach | tell | tempt | trust* | warn* |
Ejemplos
- The professor challenged his students to argue with his theory.
- This law empowers the government to charge higher taxes.
- You can't force me to do something I don't agree with.
- I invited the new student to have dinner with me.
- What inspired you to write this poem?
Verbos que no llevan nombre antes de la proposición "that"
Cuando determinados verbos van seguidos de una proposición introducida por "that", no hay un nombre que anteceda a dicha proposición, aunque la construcción con infinitivo sí lleva un nombre delante de este. Este caso se aplica con los verbos "command", "direct", "entreat", "implore", "order", "require" y "trust".
Ejemplos
- I trust you to tell the truth.
- I trust that you are telling the truth.
- The general commanded his men to surrender.
- The general commanded that his men surrender.
Verbos que llevan nombre antes de la proposición "that"
Otros verbos, al ir seguidos de una proposición introducida por "that", sí incluyen un nombre antes de dicha proposición, al igual que ocurre cuando la construcción utiliza el infinitivo. Este es el caso de los verbos "persuade" y "remind".
Ejemplos
- You can't persuade people to buy small cars.
- You can't persuade people that small cars are better.
- He reminded me to take my notebook to school.
- He reminded me that I would need my notebook.
Verbos con nombre opcional antes de la proposición "that"
Hay un grupo final de verbos que, al ir seguidos de una proposición introducida por "that", pueden incluir o no un nombre antes de dicha proposición. Este es el caso de los verbos "instruct", "teach" y "warn".
Ejemplos
- She taught her students to appreciate poetry.
- She taught her students that poetry was valuable.
- She taught that poetry was valuable.
Verbos seguidos de infinitivo o de nombre + infinitivo
ask* | beg* | choose | dare | desire* | elect | expect* |
help | mean* (=tener intención de) | request* | want | wish* |
Ejemplos
- I asked him to show me the book.
- I asked to see the book.
- She helped me to put away the dishes.
- She helped to put away the dishes.
- We expect you to do your best in the exam.
- We expect to do well on our exams.
- Do you want to go to the beach?
- Do you want me to go with you to the beach?
Uso de "to dare"
En las oraciones negativas e interrogativas es posible emplear el infinitivo con o sin "to" siempre que el sujeto de ambos verbos sea el mismo, aunque es más habitual omitir la partícula "to". Si el sujeto de ambos verbos es diferente, se debe incluir "to".
Ejemplos
- I never dared tell him what happened.
- Do you dare tell him?
- Would you dare (to) jump out of a plane?
- I dare you to tell him the truth.
- She dared me to jump off the wall.